• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2021-12-30

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Our liver-specific Gck (−/−) mice and another line of liver-specific mice [13] exhibited impaired glucose tolerance. Furthermore, both knockout mice showed decreased hepatic glycogen content and reduced Pklr and Fas gene Luciferase Reporter Assay Kit

• The rapid actions of glucocorticoids range from the

  2021-12-30

  

  The rapid actions of glucocorticoids range from the production of endocannabinoid as a retrograde messenger [9], to regulation of ion channels [10], [11], to inhibitory effects on immune GFP Quantitation Kit mg [12], [13], [14]. Many different kinase signaling pathways have been implicated in the ra

• br Ghrelin actions in the

  2021-12-30

  

  Ghrelin actions in the central nervous system Ghrelin induces thymopoeisis GHS-R1a is expressed in immune cells, including thymocytes and T-cells [13]. Infusion of ghrelin increases the number of thymocytes and thymus size in 14-, 20-, and 24-month-old mice, and with decreased thymic adiposity

• br Discussion The model of a NVU described by

  2021-12-29

  

  Discussion The model of a NVU described by Mathias et al. (2018) has been implemented on the macro scale (see Kenny et al. (2018b)) via a 2D cerebral tissue slice coupled to a vascular tree. In particular, further communication within the tissue slice has been implemented via extracellular ion el

• It has also been demonstrated that PS is

  2021-12-29

  

  It has also been demonstrated that PS1 is ubiquitinated by Caenorhabditis elegans SEL-10 [52], Fbw7 the mammalian homologue of SEL-10 [38], and more recently by tumour necrosis factor R-848 associated factor 6 (TRAF6), which facilitates Lysine-63 (K63)-linked polyubiquitination of PS1 [50], [51]. T

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments

  2021-12-29

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments The authors would like to acknowledge Genentech DNA Sequencing, Biologics Resource, Oligo, FACS, and Bioinformatics groups for their help with the project. Our thanks to Craig Cumming and Sophia Maund for facilitating our access to large-scale mutation data. We als

• The Rab to Rab switch on

  2021-12-29

  

  The Rab5 to Rab7 switch on endosomes co-occurs with the release of the Rab5 GEF Rabex5 from endosomes, which prevents further Rab5 activation [5]. In addition, the Rab5 GAP is recruited to inactivate remaining Rab5 [67]. Recent data suggest that another GAP, TBC1D5, which binds the retromer complex,

• We recently reported that the human

  2021-12-29

  

  We recently reported that the human-derived PancCa cell line PANC-1 and the human-derived hepatocellular HepG2 cell line express GPR55 mRNA and protein [21]. In PANC-1 and HepG2 cells, knockdown of GPR55 with specific siRNAs abrogates cellular uptake of Tocrifluor 1117, a selective GPR55 ligand [21]

• IC is a rat mAb specifically binding to insulin

  2021-12-29

  

  IC2 is a rat mAb specifically binding to insulin granula [127,128]. Although this mAb was discovered 30 years ago, it has only recently been used for β-cell imaging in vivo. Moore et al. used this mAb for β-cell imaging in 2001 [129]. After DTPA conjugation, IC2 was labeled with 111In. Both in vitro

• Several previous reports have demonstrated that epithelial c

  2021-12-29

  

  Several previous reports have demonstrated that epithelial cell migration is important in promoting mucosal repair after damage caused by DSS and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [33], [34], [35]. Cell migration is coordinated by many factors, including fibronectin and its receptor integrin α5,

• br Introduction Adipose tissue AT in addition to its functio

  2021-12-29

  

  Introduction Adipose tissue (AT), in addition to its function as dpp-4 inhibitor storage, is an important endocrine organ and it secretes adipokines (Ahima, 2006). Adipose tissue is related to different physiological processes such as energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation. One

• One difficulty in studying gp is that it binds to

  2021-12-29

  

  One difficulty in studying gp120 is that it binds to more than one receptor. Understanding how apelin receptor respond to gp120 is complex because of this promiscuity. In an attempt to establish the contribution of CXCR4 in the antagonistic effect of gp120 on morphine-induced antinociception, AMD31

• After brain injury adenosine levels rapidly increase in the

  2021-12-29

  

  After brain injury, adenosine levels rapidly increase in the brain [9,10]. As shown in our previous studies, the increased adenosine concentration acts on adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs), increasing post-traumatic glutamate levels in the brain and exacerbating the severity of injuries [11,12]. Accor

• A general synthesis of the tetrazole is shown

  2021-12-29

  

  A general synthesis of the tetrazole is shown in . First, a magnesium-halogen exchange reaction quenched with DMF afforded benzo[]thiophene-5-carbaldehyde , which was further decorated with a bromine at the 3-position (). A Suzuki reaction with -tolylboronic AT9283 followed by reduction of the aldeh

• br Acknowledgments br Free fatty acids FFAs

  2021-12-29

  

  Acknowledgments Free fatty acids (FFAs) are not only essential nutritional components, but they also function as signaling molecules. Recently, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) de-orphanizing strategy successfully identified multiple receptors for FFAs, which function on the cell surface and

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