• We next compared the enhancing effects of

  2022-02-22

  

  We next compared the enhancing effects of 100nM zinc on currents produced by a low concentration of glycine with zinc effects on the same currents produced by the partial agonist taurine. In this experiment, zinc was co-applied with concentrations of glycine or taurine producing 5–10% of the maximal

• br Acknowledgement This work was supported in

  2022-02-22

  

  Acknowledgement This work was supported in part by grants from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad from Spain (BFU2011-23034). Introduction The glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia emerged from observations in the 1960s that phencyclidine and similar psychotomimetic agents produce sc

• Although it is mainly a

  2022-02-22

  

  Although it is mainly a glial protein, 5–10% of total GLT-1 represents a neuronal form located at presynaptic terminals, but its physiological role remains elusive (for discussion, see (Rimmele and Rosenberg, 2016)). Nevertheless, this amount might be significant since GLT-1 has been estimated to be

• In summary activated A AR exacerbated the reverse transport

  2022-02-22

  

  In summary, activated A2AR exacerbated the reverse transport function of endothelial EAATs through a direct or indirect pathway depending on PKA and glutamate levels in response to OGD in vitro, but A2AR inhibition quickly restored the normal transport function. Moreover, the key mechanisms by which

• The SLC A mutations identified in

  2022-02-22

  

  The SLC45A1 mutations identified in both families appear to be hypomorphic given that they resulted in a reduction but not abolition of intracellular glucose transport by SLC45A1 in our in vitro assay. It is tempting to speculate that recessive mutations causing a more severe dysfunction of the tran

• In a previous paper we demonstrated

  2022-02-22

  

  In a previous paper, we demonstrated immunohistochemically the sh4 of GHSR-1a in acrosomes and peripheral region of spermatid heads as well as in acrosomes of the spermatids undergoing spermiation [19]. The present study was undertaken to demonstrate the GHSR-1a expression in rat epididymal spermato

• Initially we carried out gap FRAP experiments using the

  2022-02-22

  

  Initially, we carried out gap-FRAP experiments using the two-photon configuration of the confocal microscope. A SR101-positive astrocyte was targeted and a 5 × 5 μm square area was exposed to a laser illumination (5 flashes of 5 s each during 25 s). This procedure resulted in a bleaching of this ast

• A general synthesis of the tetrazole is

  2022-02-21

  

  A general synthesis of the tetrazole is shown in . First, a magnesium-halogen exchange reaction quenched with DMF afforded benzo[]thiophene-5-carbaldehyde , which was further decorated with a bromine at the 3-position (). A Suzuki reaction with -tolylboronic epz followed by reduction of the aldehy

• First identified in as the

  2022-02-21

  

  First identified in 1982 as the second mammalian glutathione peroxidase [23], we and Stockwell's group demonstrated in 2014 that the selenoperoxidase GPX4 is the key upstream regulator of ferroptosis [12], [13]. The role of GPX4 as the main regulator in the ferroptotic process is based on its unique

• Liver and muscle isozymes have been found

  2022-02-21

  

  Liver and muscle isozymes have been found in vertebrate tissues [2], [5], [6]. The liver FBPase is recognized as a regulatory enzyme of gluconeogenesis. The muscle isozyme participates in the glycogen synthesis from lactate and in the regulation of glycolysis [7], [8], [9]. The basic difference betw

• To identify genes with significant expression differences we

  2022-02-21

  

  To identify genes with significant pdgf receptor differences, we performed differential gene expression analysis between the two individuals with TRRAP variants (combined as biological replicates) and two unaffected controls. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of these genes with the GOrilla web

• Wolf et al then proceed to

  2022-02-21

  

  Wolf et al. (2016) then proceed to interrogate the mechanism by which NAG activates the NLRP3 inflammasome. When examining potential triggers previously implicated in NLRP3 activation, they found that both PGN and NAG trigger appearance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the cytosol, which led them to

• The initial beta carboline derivatives used in the in silico

  2022-02-21

  

  The initial beta-carboline derivatives used in the in silico docking experiments were prepared using the procedure outlined in . Harmol, , was -alkylated with -Boc-protected alkylamines in the presence of cesium carbonate to give and . The carbamate protecting group was removed under acidic conditi

• br Materials and methods br

  2022-02-21

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Early studies in the mid 1980s tentatively identified cCMP in tissues using fast atom bombardment MS [3], [4], but specificity and sensitivity of the method are insufficient for unequivocal identification as compared to modern MS analytical methods.

• Biochemical assays have provided evidence

  2022-02-21

  

  Biochemical assays have provided evidence that prolonged exposure to GPR35 agonists can induce GPR35 internalization [2], [4], [11], [13]. Our finding that neuronal excitability decreased regardless of whether the slices were superfused for a few minutes or incubated for a few hours with GPR35 agoni

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