• To date types of glucose transport

  2022-04-18

  

  To date, 14 types of glucose transport protein have been discovered, each having its own specific functions with different distributions [33]. Among these, GLUT4 is particularly important for maintaining glucose metabolism homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, since it is involved in glucose transpor

• The advent of the genomic era

  2022-04-18

  

  The advent of the genomic era has allowed greater detailed investigation of enzymatic properties and has shown that specific enzyme activity is linked to the substrate utilization profiles of the isoenzymes [30], [31]. Not surprisingly, the functional four β-galactosidases from A. niger F0215 shared

• br Declaration of interest br Acknowledgments br This

  2022-04-18

  

  Declaration of interest Acknowledgments This work was supported by grants from the Polish National Science Centre (PRELUDIUM grant no. 2013/11/N/NZ5/00270) and the European Commission FP7 Project Beta-JUDO (grant number 279 153), European Union EIT Health project DeTecT2D, Swedish Diabetes A

• br Factor Xa an enzyme in the coagulation cascade

  2022-04-18

  

  Factor Xa, an enzyme in the coagulation cascade, has recently been identified as having a role in inflammation, generating interest in factor Xa inhibitors as anti-inflammatory agents beyond their established use as anticoagulants [, , , ]. We report sustained clinical and electrophysiologic impro

• Digoxigenin-11-UTP receptor br Materials and methods br Resu

  2022-04-16

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion This was the first large study to quantify both total HIV DNA and integrated HIV DNA, which is the main persistent form of HIV [25,26], in samples collected during PHI, chronic infection, and at various time points until the AIDS stage, which was mad

• The most abundant form of Hat p in

  2022-04-16

  

  The most abundant form of Hat1p in the nucleus is apt to be in the form of the NuB4 complex [96]. In the context of Study Interventions assembly, the function of the NuB4 complex may be similar to that ascribed for the cytoplasmic HAT1 complex. That is, the NuB4 complex may be involved in directing

• Third across all three signaling molecules examined the base

  2022-04-16

  

  Third, across all three signaling molecules examined, the baseline abnormalities seen in Hdc-KO mice resemble the effects seen after H3R activation in wild-type animals. Specifically, MAPK activity (indexed by MSK1 phosphorylation) is increased at baseline in dMSNs of Hdc-KO mice to a similar degree

• The H R couples to

  2022-04-16

  

  The H3R couples to Gαi/o proteins, and hence its stimulation leads to inhibition of adenyalate cyclases, diminishing the level of cyclic AMP (cAMP) with the subsequent reduction in downstream signaling pathways such as protein kinase A (PKA) activation and cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CR

• Diabetes and atherosclerosis are paralleled by impaired woun

  2022-04-16

  

  Diabetes and atherosclerosis are paralleled by impaired wound healing and endothelial angiogenesis in the periphery, which cause severe complications and mainly occur as a result of the elevated circulating levels of glucose and free fatty acids. Yuan et al. recently showed that palmitic rock induce

• NGS substitution linkage analysis and haplotype reconstructi

  2022-04-16

  

  NGS substitution linkage analysis and haplotype reconstruction was previously only used for short genome segments and not in the context of antiviral resistance. We optimized this approach to cover a complete viral protein and major DAA target, enabling us to investigate resistance associated NS3P h

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We thank Prof Y

  2022-04-16

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We thank Prof. Y. Tomari at the University of Tokyo for experimental advice and K. Hanada for technical assistance. This research was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Nascent Chain Biology” (JP15H01548 and JP17H05677 to T.I. a

• A second feature of the Ras type

  2022-04-16

  

  A second feature of the Ras-type GTPases is that their ‘on’ and ‘off’ states are temporally and often spatially separated from one another. This feature is essential for GTPases mediating signaling and other processes that need to be kept ‘off’ until the arrival of signaling cues. The need to recrui

• br Acknowledgments This research was supported by

  2022-04-16

  

  Acknowledgments This research was supported by the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports by grants MSM LH11013 and Czech Grant Agency (501/12/0590). David Kopečný and Martina Kopečná were supported by the grant LO1204 from the National Program of Sustainability I by the Ministry of Educat

• Bupivacaine is one of the local anesthetics

  2022-04-16

  

  Bupivacaine is one of the local anesthetics commonly used in spinal anesthesia. Previous studies had shown that bupivacaine induced neuronal apoptosis and axon degeneration among various neuronal populations in spinal cord, such as sciatic nerves and dorsal root pemetrexed disodium (DRG) neurons [5]

• Some biguanides can cross the mitochondrial membrane

  2022-04-16

  

  Some biguanides can cross the mitochondrial membrane and increase L-lactate formation by inhibiting oxidative LY2409881 [34]. On the other hand, it has also been reported that levels of fasting plasma lactate in T2DM patients are similar regardless of whether or not metformin is administered [35] an

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