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Casein accounts for of the total
2024-09-06
Casein accounts for 80% of the total protein in bovine milk (Capriotti, Cavaliere, Piovesana, Samperi, & Laganà, 2016); hydrolysates or bioactive peptides derived from casein have been employed widely in food as a functional ingredient (Capriotti et al., 2016, Field et al., 2008). Many studies have
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Although ACE genetic variance does not influence the level o
2024-09-06
Although ACE genetic variance does not influence the level of bradykinin significantly, the bradykinin level tends to be affected by ACE inhibitor therapy used by patients. ACE inhibitor reduces the ACE activity that may lead to the accumulation of serum bradykinin. The level of bradykinin tends to
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br LOX in esophageal cancer
2024-09-06
5-LOX in esophageal cancer Various studies suggest that abnormal levels of AA metabolites play an essential role in human esophageal adenocarcinogenesis (EAC). The key AA derivatives of 5-LOX signaling molecules namely include, 5-HETE, LTB4, and cysteinyl LTs, which are well-known to initiate inf
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Introduction Lysophosphatidic acid LPA is a
2024-09-06
Introduction Lysophosphatidic AZD8931 (LPA) is a key, serum-borne phospholipid, regulating a number of cellular processes such as proliferation, migration and differentiation through its interaction with G-protein coupled receptors. LPA receptor signaling has been implicated in several disease sta
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Aurora kinases are a conserved family of serine threonine
2024-09-06
Aurora kinases are a conserved family of serine/threonine kinases that are important for the transition through mitosis and amplification and overexpression of Aurora kinases have been implicated in APETx2 and transformation. Aurora B is located at the centromere and controls aspects of kinetochore
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b12 500 mg Aurora A overexpression is also related to the ac
2024-09-06
Aurora-A overexpression is also related to the activation of NF-κB, a potent anti-apoptotic effector that may play a role in preventing apoptosis in cancer b12 500 mg [18]. These data show that we are still at the beginning of unraveling the complex mechanism by which these gene products and prote
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SJB3-019A Given the recent discovery of regions of single st
2024-09-05
Given the recent discovery of regions of single-stranded DNA in the nuclei of hypoxic cells, the role for ATR in the response to hypoxic stress seems clearer . Zou and Elledge demonstrated that both Ddc 2 (the homolog of ATRIP) and ATRIP have a lower affinity for double-strand breaks than they do f
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A large number of studies
2024-09-05
A large number of studies have shown that oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiological process of ventricular remodeling and is associated with left ventricular dysfunction (Hori and Nishida, 2009, Lord et al., 2010). The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that exceeds anti-oxidat
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Recently competitive inhibitors of arginase have been develo
2024-09-05
Recently, competitive inhibitors of arginase have been developed which have greater specificity for the enzyme. Initial development of these compounds involved determination of the crystal structure of arginase. Christianson and colleagues found that a binuclear manganese cluster was required for ca
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Based on its kinetic parameters and quaternary structure R p
2024-09-05
Based on its kinetic parameters and quaternary structure, R. pycnus arginase is a typical ureotelic L-arginase [2]. The Km value of the enzyme was lower than other arginases from other organisms (Table 2), including S. cerevisiae (15.7mM), B. anthracis (10mM), B. caldovelox (3.4mM), human liver (2.3
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In addition to calpain I activity cathepsin activities have
2024-09-05
In addition to calpain I activity, cathepsin activities have been proven to be linked to apoptotic signaling. Cathepsin B and cathepsin D are two of the most abundant and well-investigated lysosome acid-dependent proteases that are involved in the apoptotic regulation (Ferri & Kroemer, 2001). Cathep
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AC220 ic50 Plasma apelin levels predict the major cardiovasc
2024-09-05
Plasma apelin levels predict the major cardiovascular event after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and adverse events are higher in patients with lower plasma apelin levels [75]. Apelin and its receptor are markedly upregulated in the he
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It has been proven that genetic polymorphisms can play
2024-09-05
It has been proven that genetic polymorphisms can play an important role in development of hypertension and CVDs. In a Turkish population-based study, it was found that the APLNR gene (rs948847-A445C) polymorphism was not associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), but it was shown to be related
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AMPK is a cellular energy sensor
2024-09-05
AMPK is a cellular energy sensor that is phosphorylated in response to high intracellular ADP levels to increase GLUT4 translocation into the cell, and subsequently, increase intracellular glucose levels to provide substrate to replenish ATP levels [25]. In metabolic syndrome, sequestration of plasm
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Fig shows a possible scheme
2024-09-05
Fig. 8 shows a possible scheme of the generation of AP(+)-exosomes based on this study. In response to inflammatory stimuli, ERAP1 is secreted from ER into the extracellular milieu through the conventional secretion pathway. On the other hand, exosomes are derived from the endosomal pathway, and are
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