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br Conclusions In sum enhanced incentive motivation in obesi
2025-02-18

Conclusions In sum, enhanced incentive motivation in obesity-prone rats is mediated by NAc CP-AMPARs. These neurobehavioral differences may render obesity-susceptible populations more sensitive to the motivational influence of food cues, producing more intense, focused, “wanting” that may limit t
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Initially DPP DPP and prolyl tripeptidyl peptidase A
2025-02-18

Initially, DPP4, DPP7, and prolyl tripeptidyl peptidase A (PtpA) were the only exopeptidases identified in P. gingivalis. These share substrates according to their altered specificities, as DPP4 is highly specific for Pro at the penultimate position from the N-terminus (P1 position), though it accep
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In this study we designed and synthesized two
2025-02-17

In this study, we designed and synthesized two ALK PROTACs (degraders), 5 (MS4077) and 6 (MS4078), by linking ceritinib and pomalidomide [45] through two different linkers. Using human ALCL and NSCLC cells, we characterized both compounds in a battery of assays to demonstrate their effects on reduci
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Cells have developed strategies aiming to enhance both the
2025-02-17

Cells have developed strategies aiming to enhance both the efficiency of proteins with chaperone activity as well as their overall antioxidant capacity to maintain proteostasis under oxidative stress conditions (Miyata et al., 2012). For instance, 2-Cys peroxiredoxin is an abundantly expressed, anti
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br Introduction Several studies have found
2025-02-17

Introduction Several studies have found that hypothalamic Akt-mediated signaling pathways play critical roles in the regulation of food intake and Leukotriene synthesis inhibitor metabolism in mammals [[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]]. Central injections of the inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3- kinas
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The AhR molecule is composed of multiple
2025-02-17

The AhR molecule is composed of multiple functional domains [38]. In the N-terminal end, the AhR contains bHLH domain which is involved in DNA binding, dimerization with ARNT and association with chaperone proteins. The PAS domain, which is situated next to the bHLH domain consists of two structural
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BMS265246 Mt a known to be upregulated by ozone Inoue
2025-02-17

Mt2a, known to be upregulated by ozone (Inoue et al., 2008), was also increased in vehicle-pretreated rats exposed to ozone, however, this effect was markedly reduced by both PROP and MIFE, suggesting that the neuroendocrine response is linked to ozone-induced acute phase protein expression. In huma
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Despite functional studies demonstrating the role of HT
2025-02-17

Despite functional studies demonstrating the role of 5-HT in ureteral contractility, the source of endogenous 5-HT in the ureter is unclear. Since 5-HT-containing enterochromaffin cells, which are present in the gastrointestinal tract, could not be found in the ureter (Nocito et al., 2007, Ripoche,
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Several studies have recently used optogenetics to selective
2025-02-17

Several studies have recently used optogenetics to selectively activate various cholinergic neurons (Jiang et al., 2014). However, most do not explicitly report direct release of GABA from cholinergic fibers, with the exception of our two studies described above (Saunders et al., 2015a, Saunders et
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br Colabeling evidence for ACh and
2025-02-17

Colabeling evidence for ACh and GABA cotransmission Though functional demonstrations of ACh/GABA cotransmission remain largely limited to the retina and our recent analyses of cortex (Lee et al., 2010, Saunders et al., 2015a, Saunders et al., 2015b), evidence suggestive of ACh/GABA cotransmission
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br lipoxygenase pathway in brain aging and alzheimer s
2025-02-17

5-lipoxygenase pathway in ACET australia aging and alzheimer’s disease 5LO is found throughout the central nervous system, in both neuron and glia cells (Farias et al., 2007). However, its expression levels are highest in the cortex and hippocampus areas, two regions that are particularly vulner
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br Aurora kinases br Wnt signaling
2025-02-17

Aurora kinases Wnt signaling pathway The signal transduction pathway of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in embryogenesis to control cell differentiation and tumorigenesis [39]. A recent report indicates that 90% of colorectal cancer occur due to the activation of the Wn
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While high fat diet models
2025-02-17

While high-fat diet models of insulin resistance are acceptable approaches for the study of pre-diabetes in humans, they are not suitable for modeling progression towards established type2 diabetes. The pattern of activation of the lipoxygenase pathway in pre-clinical models of type2 diabetes has no
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br Acknowledgements br Introduction Double stranded
2025-02-17

Acknowledgements Introduction Double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) are among the most deleterious DNA lesions that threaten genomic integrity. DSBs are generated not only by exogenous DNA-damaging agents but also by normal cellular processes such as V(D)J recombination, meiosis, and DNA replicati
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Thus phosphorylation of p was used to measure the
2025-02-17

Thus, phosphorylation of p38 was used to measure the intracellular potency of ASK1 inhibitors. In this assay, HEK293/AP-1luc natamycin in cheese expressing human full-length ASK1 were incubated with compound for 18 h and then lysed and the level of phospho-p38 was quantified using the HTRF assay [3
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